Vietnam is a land where history, tradition and development intertwine, creating a culture as captivating as its landscapes. The indomitable spirit of the Vietnamese people shines through in their time-honored customs, heartfelt hospitality, and deep-rooted sense of unity. Every street, every smile, and every tradition tells a story of Vietnamese perseverance and pride. Join San Hotel Series on an unforgettable journey to explore the essence of Vietnam and the remarkable people who bring its culture to life!
Vietnam’s population in 2024
According to the mid-term population and housing survey 2024, released by the General Statistics Office in early January, Vietnam’s population as of April 1, 2024, has surpassed 101.1 million people. The male population stands at 50.6 million (49.9%), while the female population is 50.7 million (50.1%), maintaining a nearly perfect gender balance.
This survey reaffirms Vietnam’s position as the third most populous country in Southeast Asia, following Indonesia and the Philippines, and the 16th largest population in the world. Over the past five years, from 2019 to 2024, the nation has witnessed an increase of 4.9 million people, marking steady demographic growth. Urban areas are now home to 38.6 million people (38.2% of the total population), while rural regions continue to be dominant with 62.5 million people (61.8%).
Among Vietnam’s cities, Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City remain the most populous. Hanoi has nearly 8.7 million residents, whereas Ho Chi Minh City exceeds 9.5 million, making it the country’s largest metropolis. Bắc Kạn holds the title of Vietnam’s least populated province, with just 328,600 people, a stark contrast to Ho Chi Minh City, which has over 29 times more residents.
Religion in Vietnam
Over centuries, Confucianism, Taoism, and Mahayana Buddhism made their way into Vietnam, intertwining with local beliefs and gradually blending into a distinct, Vietnamese spiritual identity. These traditions, shaped by regional customs and historical influences, have become deeply embedded in the cultural fabric of the nation.
Among these influences, Buddhism holds a central place. Approximately half of Vietnam’s population identifies as Buddhist, practicing a faith infused with indigenous traditions. Meanwhile, Caodaism, a religious movement synthesizing elements of Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, and Roman Catholicism, emerged in the 1920s.
Though the number of Caodai followers is about half that of Hòa Hảo, both religious communities continue to grow, drawing a significant minority of Vietnam’s population into their spiritual fold. Beyond these mainstream faiths, many ethnic minorities in the highlands maintain animistic traditions, centered around spirits and ancestral worship. At the same time, the Chăm people remain devoted practitioners of Islam, preserving their faith through generations.
Traditional clothing in Vietnam
Across Vietnam’s three regions, North, Central, and South, traditional clothing has remained remarkably consistent, reflecting both practicality and cultural identity. Men commonly wore loose-fitting tunics paired with wide-legged trousers, secured with either a waistband or drawstrings. In ancient times, they grew their hair long, tied it in a topknot, or wrapped their heads with a knotted scarf.
For Kinh women, the traditional attire was equally distinctive. In everyday life, they wore yếm (halter tops) paired with long skirts and a silk belt, a combination that exuded grace while allowing freedom of movement. Various styles of conical hats, such as nón thúng and nón ba tầm, were popular accessories. During festivals, women opted for the áo dài, an elegant, flowing tunic that has become an enduring symbol of Vietnamese femininity.
Jewelry played a significant role in personal adornment, with accessories such as hairpins, necklaces, earrings, rings, and bracelets varying in design depending on the region. In Southern Vietnam, women favored the áo bà ba, a simple yet stylish outfit featuring different collar styles, including round, heart-shaped, and bà lai (a distinctive Southern variation). They often paired it with a headscarf, an essential item in their wardrobe.
Among all traditional headwear, the nón lá (conical hat) stood out as the most widely used, particularly among women. Not only was it easy to craft, but it also served a practical purpose. It provided shade from the scorching sun while adding a touch of rustic charm.
Marriage and family in Vietnam
In Vietnam, the legal marriage age is set at 20 years for men and 18 years for women, reinforcing the nation’s emphasis on family responsibility and social stability. The country follows a monogamous marriage system, where a union is recognized solely between one husband and one wife.
Family structure plays a crucial role in Vietnamese society. The maternal family is referred to as nhà ngoại, while the paternal family is called nhà nội. These distinctions reflect the deep-rooted respect for both parental lineages, a value embedded in traditional family life.
Regarding same-sex marriage, Vietnam took a progressive step with the 2014 amendment to the law on marriage and family, which removed the ban on same-sex unions. However, while such relationships are no longer prohibited, they are not officially recognized as legal marriages under clause 2, article 8 of the law.
Exploring the unique traits of Vietnamese people
Vietnam is a land of rich history, vibrant culture, and warm-hearted people. Renowned for their hospitality, the Vietnamese embody a deep sense of tradition while embracing modernity. Below are some of the most distinctive characteristics that define the Vietnamese spirit.
Physical characteristics of Vietnamese people
Over time, the physical appearance of Vietnamese people has undergone noticeable changes. As of 2021, the average height of young Vietnamese men is 168.1 cm, while women stand at an average of 156.2 cm, according to VN Express.
From 1990 to 2020, the height growth rate of Vietnamese youth mirrored Japan’s golden era of height development from 1955 to 1995, marking significant progress in physical well-being.
Vietnamese women are often admired for their harmonious beauty, characterized by full facial features, dark flowing hair, large double-lidded eyes, fair skin, and a slender figure. Due to geographical and climatic similarities, people from East Asia and Southeast Asia share several common physical traits, including light skin, dark hair, and a lower nasal bridge.
Vietnamese Personality
Vietnamese people are widely recognized for their friendly and welcoming nature. Deeply proud of their rich history and vibrant culture, they eagerly share their traditions with others. This article explores some of the defining characteristics that shape the Vietnamese spirit.
Hospitality and warmth
Renowned for their exceptional hospitality, the Vietnamese go above and beyond to make visitors feel at home. Whether offering a meal, a drink, or even a place to stay, they extend their generosity with genuine kindness. This innate warmth is deeply embedded in local culture, where people greet each other like old friends, no matter the occasion.
Diligence and thirst for knowledge
With unwavering determination, Vietnamese people believe in hard work as the key to success, not only for themselves but also for future generations. They possess a strong desire for learning and self-improvement, constantly seeking new knowledge and intellectual challenges. Education is highly valued, and many strive for higher learning as a pathway to career advancement and personal growth.
A deep sense of national pride
What defines Vietnamese values? At the core lies an unwavering love for their country and its history. This profound sense of national pride is evident in daily life, reflected through traditional music, cuisine, and festivals, all of which they take immense joy in sharing with visitors from around the world.
Cultural diversity across regions
Vietnam’s rich culture is further distinguished by strong regional identities, broadly categorized into three main regions: North, Central, and South. People from the North and Central regions are often described as diligent, reserved, and thoughtful, while Southerners tend to have a more relaxed, open-minded lifestyle, often perceived as being more Westernized in their approach.
Strong family bonds
Family is the foundation of Vietnamese society. Deeply valued and firmly rooted in tradition, family connections remain strong across generations. Festivals and holidays serve as precious moments for reunions and togetherness. It is common for multiple generations to live under the same roof, even after children reach adulthood. Grandparents play an active role in raising their grandchildren alongside parents, reinforcing a deep sense of familial love and duty.
A playful sense of humor
Vietnamese people are known for their quick wit and sharp sense of humor. Whether through wordplay, satire, or lighthearted jokes, they find ways to bring laughter into everyday life. Even during difficult times, humor serves as a reminder to appreciate life’s blessings. In many places across Vietnam, friendly and often humorous tour guides effortlessly bring smiles to even the most serious travelers.
Fascinating facts about Vietnamese culture and people
Vietnam is a land of rich traditions, where everyday life is infused with unique customs and a deep sense of community. From the way people navigate bustling city streets to the warmth they extend to strangers, Vietnamese culture is full of intriguing aspects waiting to be explored.
The motorbike obsession
In Vietnam, motorbikes are the most popular and unique means of transportation. With astonishing skill, riders navigate the bustling streets of Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, creating a spectacle that resembles a choreographed dance of endless motion.
The dominance of motorbikes stems from constant traffic congestion. Unlike cars, they slip through narrow streets with ease, especially during rush hours. It is common to see entire families, young children, and even pets perched on a single motorbike, reflecting the resourcefulness and adaptability ingrained in Vietnamese daily life.
A unique dining culture
Dining in Vietnam is a communal affair, where sharing food is an essential part of the experience. Instead of individual portions, locals prefer to order multiple dishes and enjoy them together, allowing everyone to indulge in a symphony of flavors at the same table.
Chopsticks are the primary eating utensils, adding an extra layer of cultural charm to every meal. For many international visitors, using them for the first time can be both a challenge and a delight, turning a simple meal into a memorable cultural encounter.
=>See more: Vietnam Food: Top 30 dishes you must try
The lively sidewalk culture
In Vietnam, sidewalks are not just walkways. They are vibrant extensions of daily life. From dawn until late at night, these bustling spaces host a variety of activities. Street vendors set up shop, offering everything from savory street food and trendy clothing to household essentials, turning the pavement into a dynamic open-air marketplace.
It is common to see tiny plastic stools and tables neatly arranged along the sidewalks, where locals gather to eat, chat, and soak in the rhythm of the city. This informal yet deeply rooted tradition makes sidewalks an essential part of Vietnamese urban culture, bringing people together in a uniquely communal way.
=> See more: Pho Di Bo Hanoi: The Ultimate Walking Street Experience
Deep respect for the elderly
In Vietnamese culture, respect and care for the elderly are fundamental values. Younger generations are taught from an early age to honor and prioritize their elders, a principle reflected in daily interactions. It is customary to see young people offering their seats to seniors on public transport, and children learn to address older individuals using specific polite terms that convey deep respect.
This tradition of reverence extends beyond family life. In workplaces and social settings, seniority naturally commands deference, reflecting a culture where wisdom and experience hold significant value.
The 6 famous Vietnamese figures honored by UNESCO
Vietnam has produced admirable people whose legacies transcend time. From literature and education to politics and philosophy, these individuals have shaped the nation’s cultural and historical landscape. Recognized by UNESCO, their contributions continue to inspire not only the Vietnamese people but also the world.
Ho Chi Minh – The most beloved person in Vietnam
Ho Chi Minh (1890 – 1969) is a towering figure in Vietnamese history, remembered for his unwavering dedication to national independence. Beyond his political influence, he was also a passionate advocate for education and cultural development, believing that knowledge was key to national prosperity. His famous words, “Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom”, remain deeply embedded in Vietnam’s national consciousness.
For those visiting Hanoi, a trip to the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum Complex is a must. This solemn landmark stands as a powerful symbol of Vietnam’s historical journey, honoring the enduring legacy of a leader whose ideals continue to shape the nation.
Nguyen Trai
Nguyen Trai (1380 – 1442) was a scholar, patriot, and military strategist whose contributions extended far beyond the battlefield. With profound political insights and a deep devotion to his homeland, he left behind a treasured literary and philosophical legacy.
His monumental works, including “Quan Trung Tu Menh Tap” and “Binh Ngo Dai Cao”, encapsulate his strategic brilliance and patriotic fervor. Additionally, his poetry collections “Uc Trai Thi Tap” (written in Chinese) and “Quoc Am Thi Tap” (composed in Vietnamese) are revered literary gems, reflecting the depth of his intellect and artistic spirit. Even today, his works remain a source of national pride and inspiration.
Nguyen Du
Nguyen Du (1765 – 1820) is widely regarded as Vietnam’s most influential poet, whose literary mastery has left an indelible mark on Vietnamese culture. His magnum opus, “The Tale of Kieu”, is an epic poem that has captivated generations and is recognized worldwide. Translated into over 20 languages, including Arabic and Russian, this masterpiece continues to bridge Vietnamese literature with global audiences.
Chu Van An
Chu Van An (1292 – 1370) was a pioneering educator who believed that learning should be accessible to all, regardless of social background. His progressive ideas and relentless dedication to education have influenced countless generations.
As the head of the Imperial Academy, he played a pivotal role in shaping Vietnam’s academic traditions. To honor his contributions, several historical sites have been dedicated to him, including Thanh Liet Temple, Huynh Cung Temple, and Phuong Son Temple. His legacy serves as a reminder of the transformative power of knowledge in shaping a nation’s future.
Ho Xuan Huong
Ho Xuan Huong (1772 – 1822) was a trailblazing female poet, celebrated as the “Queen of Sino-Vietnamese Poetry”, a title bestowed upon her by the renowned poet Xuan Dieu. Living in an era where women’s voices were often suppressed, she used her poetry as a bold statement of gender equality, challenging societal norms with wit and intellect.
Her verses, layered with hidden meanings and satirical undertones, echo far beyond her time, making her one of the most admired literary figures in Vietnam. As a tribute to her legacy, the picturesque Xuan Huong Lake in Da Lat bears her name, serving as a lasting homage to her poetic genius.
Nguyen Dinh Chieu
Nguyen Dinh Chieu (1822 – 1888) was a poet whose works embodied the values of kindness, righteousness, and patriotism. His most celebrated creation, the Sino-Vietnamese poetry collection “Luc Van Tien”, is revered for its profound moral lessons and depiction of Vietnamese virtues.
Much like Nguyen Du’s “Truyen Kieu”, his works hold immense cultural and historical significance, resonating deeply with the Vietnamese spirit. Those visiting Hue can take a stroll along the picturesque Nguyen Dinh Chieu Walking Street, a fitting tribute to a poet whose words continue to inspire generations.
Here is the “Discover the history, culture and beauty of Vietnamese people”. Wishing you a delightful trip to Vietnam! If you’re visiting Vietnam and the capital, Hanoi, you can book a room at San Hotel at the best prices here!
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